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The end of the 19th - the beginning of the 20th century - the period of the formation of the transport system and the creation of railways. With the development of capitalism, innovations in industry led to the need to build railways. The construction of railways in Azerbaijan is connected with Baku oil.
At the end of 1878, the construction of the Baku-Sabunchi-Surakhani railway with a length of 20 kilometers began. On January 20, 1880, the opening of the railway took place. It was on this day that the railway was opened for the first time in Azerbaijan. Demand for rail transportation contributed to the further development of the railways.
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The First World War dealt a serious blow to the oil industry in Baku. The consequences of the war also affected the railways. One of the first reforms carried out by the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic was the establishment of the Ministry of Highways of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic.
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Railway in the years of the Second World War
The developing railroads also worked hard during World War II. For 4 years, Azerbaijan Railways sent to the front more than 600,000 tankers and 700,000 freight cars with oil and oil products. The demand for railways, the saviors of the country in difficult times, once again confirmed the development of this direction.
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In 1979, with the support of the national leader Heydar Aliyev, the construction of the Agdam-Khankendi railway began. The construction of the railway was supposed to stop the development of Nagorno-Karabakh in the region. The opening of the Baku-Yevlakh-Khankendi railway strengthened the connection between Karabakh and Baku and accelerated the socio-economic and cultural development of Karabakh. In the early 1990s, as a result of the Armenian aggression, the Aghdam, Askeran and Khankendi stations of this line were occupied, and great damage was caused to the railway sector.
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We showed our strength to the enemy and the whole world in the 44-day Patriotic War. After the end of the war, the restoration of railway lines located in the territories liberated from occupation began. Currently, the open length of railways in the country is 2955.74 km. The reforms carried out in the transport system have both economic and geographical significance for our country.
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